Gustavo Carrasquel Parra, director general de la Fundaci\u00f3n Azul Ambientalista, se\u00f1al\u00f3 que la biodiversidad y el ecosistema del lago de Maracaibo, en el estado Zulia, en Venezuela, se han visto afectados por los constantes derrames petroleros en el \u00e1rea.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
En una entrevista para el diario\u00a0La Verdad,<\/em>\u00a0Carrasquel explic\u00f3 que el petr\u00f3leo forma una capa impermeable en el agua, obstaculizando la entrada de luz solar necesaria para la fotos\u00edntesis del fitoplancton y otros microorganismos acu\u00e1ticos.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Otra de las consecuencias de los derrames de crudo en el lago de Maracaibo, se\u00f1al\u00f3 el experto, es que los hidrocarburos afectan el intercambio gaseoso y cubren la piel y las branquias de los animales acu\u00e1ticos, caus\u00e1ndoles la muerte por asfixia.<\/p>\n\n\n\n La presencia de estos materiales provoca que el ecosistema del lago y la costa se vuelva inh\u00f3spito para la flora y fauna, como peces, cangrejos, delfines, manat\u00edes y especialmente aves, al degradar las fuentes de alimento de estas especies.<\/p>\n\n\n\n En el caso espec\u00edfico de las\u00a0aves, el petr\u00f3leo destruye la capacidad que tienen las plumas de repeler el agua. Esto produce que los animales no puedan aislarse de las temperaturas fr\u00edas, ocasionando la muerta por hipotermia.<\/p>\n\n\n\n En los manglares, el petr\u00f3leo pesado cubre las ra\u00edces a\u00e9reas impidiendo el intercambio de gases necesarios para su supervivencia.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Carrasquel se\u00f1al\u00f3 que los peces se envenenan al consumir presas contaminadas con petr\u00f3leo, lo que afecta a toda la cadena alimentaria, incluyendo a los seres humanos.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u201cLos hidrocarburos destruyen los huevos o producen cr\u00edas con malformaciones\u201d, dijo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n El director general de la Fundaci\u00f3n Azul Ambientalista afirm\u00f3 que los 25.000 kil\u00f3metros de tuber\u00edas sublacustre presentan fugas casi todo el a\u00f1o, ante la falta de mantenimiento de los sistemas de la industria petrolera.<\/p>\n\n\n\n ElNacional.-<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" El director general de la Fundaci\u00f3n Azul Ambientalista explic\u00f3 que los hidrocarburos afectan el intercambio gaseoso y cubren la piel y las branquias de los animales acu\u00e1ticos, caus\u00e1ndoles la muerte por asfixia<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":38726,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jnews-multi-image_gallery":[],"jnews_single_post":{"subtitle":"","format":"standard","video":"","gallery":"","source_name":"","source_url":"","via_name":"","via_url":"","override_template":"0","override":[{"template":"4","single_blog_custom":"","parallax":"1","fullscreen":"1","layout":"right-sidebar","sidebar":"default-sidebar","second_sidebar":"default-sidebar","sticky_sidebar":"1","share_position":"top","share_float_style":"share-monocrhome","show_share_counter":"1","show_view_counter":"1","show_featured":"1","show_post_meta":"1","show_post_author":"1","show_post_author_image":"1","show_post_date":"1","post_date_format":"default","post_date_format_custom":"Y\/m\/d","show_post_category":"1","show_post_reading_time":"1","post_reading_time_wpm":"300","show_zoom_button":"1","zoom_button_out_step":"2","zoom_button_in_step":"3","show_post_tag":"1","show_prev_next_post":"1","show_popup_post":"1","number_popup_post":"1","show_author_box":"1","show_post_related":"1","show_inline_post_related":"0"}],"override_image_size":"0","image_override":[{"single_post_thumbnail_size":"crop-500","single_post_gallery_size":"crop-500"}],"trending_post":"0","trending_post_position":"meta","trending_post_label":"Trending","sponsored_post":"0","sponsored_post_label":"Sponsored 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