{"id":28991,"date":"2023-01-04T17:23:55","date_gmt":"2023-01-04T22:23:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/esreviral.com\/?p=28991"},"modified":"2023-01-04T17:23:55","modified_gmt":"2023-01-04T22:23:55","slug":"dia-mundial-del-braille-por-que-se-celebra-el-4-de-enero","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/esreviral.com\/?p=28991","title":{"rendered":"D\u00eda Mundial del Braille: \u00bfpor qu\u00e9 se celebra el 4 de enero?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>El&nbsp;<strong>4 de enero<\/strong>&nbsp;se celebra el&nbsp;<strong>D\u00eda Mundial del Braille<\/strong>&nbsp;desde 2019, cuando la Organizaci\u00f3n de las Naciones Unidas (ONU) estableci\u00f3 este d\u00eda para brindar importancia al sistema de lectoescritura t\u00e1ctil que utilizan las<strong>&nbsp;personas ciegas<\/strong>&nbsp;o con alg\u00fan grado de&nbsp;<strong>discapacidad visual<\/strong>&nbsp;para poder leer, escribir y comunicarse con su entorno y comunidad. La fecha pretende \u201ccrear mayor conciencia sobre la importancia del<strong>&nbsp;braille&nbsp;<\/strong>como medio de comunicaci\u00f3n para la plena realizaci\u00f3n de los derechos humanos\u201d para este sector de la poblaci\u00f3n, seg\u00fan se\u00f1ala la ONU.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Se calcula que en todo el mundo hay alrededor de 35 millones de personas con\u00a0<strong>ceguera<\/strong>, y que 216 millones presentan\u00a0<strong>discapacidad visual<\/strong>\u00a0de alg\u00fan grado. Por otra parte, seg\u00fan el Estudio Nacional del Perfil de las Personas con Discapacidad realizado en 2018 por el\u00a0<strong>INDEC<\/strong>, en Argentina, alrededor de 900 mil personas tiene alg\u00fan tipo de\u00a0<strong>discapacidad visual<\/strong>\u00a0para ver. El 96,4% de ellas dijo tener \u201cmucha dificultad para ver\u201d y el 3,6% restante se\u00f1al\u00f3 que \u201cno puede ver nada\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"768\" height=\"512\" src=\"https:\/\/esreviral.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/AnyConv.com__AnyConv.com__4TL6ZBQYZ5HPVELTPHMVJJVE54png.webp\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-28994\" srcset=\"https:\/\/esreviral.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/AnyConv.com__AnyConv.com__4TL6ZBQYZ5HPVELTPHMVJJVE54png.webp 768w, https:\/\/esreviral.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/AnyConv.com__AnyConv.com__4TL6ZBQYZ5HPVELTPHMVJJVE54png-300x200.webp 300w, https:\/\/esreviral.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/AnyConv.com__AnyConv.com__4TL6ZBQYZ5HPVELTPHMVJJVE54png-750x500.webp 750w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-red-color\">\u00bfQu\u00e9 es el braille?<\/mark><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>El&nbsp;<strong>braille<\/strong>&nbsp;es un sistema internacionalmente reconocido de representaci\u00f3n t\u00e1ctil de s\u00edmbolos alfab\u00e9ticos y num\u00e9ricos que utiliza 6 puntos para representar cada letra y cada n\u00famero, como as\u00ed tambi\u00e9n s\u00edmbolos musicales, matem\u00e1ticos y cient\u00edficos.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Seg\u00fan detalla la ONU, el&nbsp;<strong>braille<\/strong>&nbsp;\u201ces un medio de comunicaci\u00f3n para las&nbsp;<strong>personas ciegas<\/strong>, como se refleja en el art\u00edculo 2 de la Convenci\u00f3n sobre los Derechos de las Personas con Discapacidad, y puede ser pertinente en los contextos de la educaci\u00f3n, la libertad de expresi\u00f3n y opini\u00f3n y el acceso a la informaci\u00f3n y la comunicaci\u00f3n escrita, as\u00ed como en el contexto de la inclusi\u00f3n social para las&nbsp;<strong>personas ciegas<\/strong>, como se refleja en los art\u00edculos 21 y 24 de la Convenci\u00f3n\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-red-color\">\u00bfPor qu\u00e9 se eligi\u00f3 el 4 de enero para celebrar el D\u00eda Mundial del Braille?<\/mark><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>La ONU eligi\u00f3 el\u00a0<strong>4 de enero\u00a0<\/strong>para celebrar el\u00a0<strong>D\u00eda Mundial del Braille<\/strong>\u00a0porque es la fecha en que naci\u00f3 el creador del sistema de lectoescritura:\u00a0<strong>Louis Braille<\/strong>. Fue un pedagogo y sacerdote franc\u00e9s, nacido en 1809, que a los 3 a\u00f1os de edad sufri\u00f3 un accidente en el taller de su padre y, como consecuencia, sufri\u00f3 una ceguera irreversible.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"768\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/esreviral.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/AnyConv.com__AnyConv.com__YJJQFMUWTRDIXDRWFRJW7RL6EEpng.webp\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-28995\" srcset=\"https:\/\/esreviral.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/AnyConv.com__AnyConv.com__YJJQFMUWTRDIXDRWFRJW7RL6EEpng.webp 768w, https:\/\/esreviral.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/AnyConv.com__AnyConv.com__YJJQFMUWTRDIXDRWFRJW7RL6EEpng-225x300.webp 225w, https:\/\/esreviral.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/AnyConv.com__AnyConv.com__YJJQFMUWTRDIXDRWFRJW7RL6EEpng-750x1000.webp 750w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>A\u00f1os m\u00e1s tarde, cuando estudiaba en la Escuela de J\u00f3venes Ciegos y Sordos de Par\u00eds, prob\u00f3 el sistema que utilizaba un militar franc\u00e9s llamado&nbsp;<strong>Charles Barbier de la Serre<\/strong>&nbsp;para brindar \u00f3rdenes durante las noches sin delatar posiciones.&nbsp;<strong>Louis Braille<\/strong>&nbsp;transform\u00f3 el sistema del militar, que se basaba en celdas de 8 puntos, y cre\u00f3 uno con celdas de 6 en relieve, organizadas en base a una matriz de tres filas por dos columnas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-red-color\">\u00bfC\u00f3mo se lee el braille?<\/mark><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Para<strong>\u00a0leer braille<\/strong>\u00a0se utilizan generalmente los dedos \u00edndices, que recorren de izquierda a derecha cada celda de 6 espacios. Seg\u00fan el sistema, hay al menos 64 combinaciones diferentes que representan n\u00fameros, letras y signos, aunque el\u00a0<strong>braille<\/strong>\u00a0tiene distintas adaptaciones en varios idiomas, y hay combinaciones espec\u00edficas para caracteres especiales, estilos o puntuaci\u00f3n, como letras may\u00fasculas, bastardillas o signos particulares.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"992\" height=\"850\" src=\"https:\/\/esreviral.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/AnyConv.com__AnyConv.com__5YY4VABYXRFWXEXL32GVIZ4AYYpng.webp\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-28992\" srcset=\"https:\/\/esreviral.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/AnyConv.com__AnyConv.com__5YY4VABYXRFWXEXL32GVIZ4AYYpng.webp 992w, https:\/\/esreviral.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/AnyConv.com__AnyConv.com__5YY4VABYXRFWXEXL32GVIZ4AYYpng-300x257.webp 300w, https:\/\/esreviral.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/AnyConv.com__AnyConv.com__5YY4VABYXRFWXEXL32GVIZ4AYYpng-768x658.webp 768w, https:\/\/esreviral.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/AnyConv.com__AnyConv.com__5YY4VABYXRFWXEXL32GVIZ4AYYpng-750x643.webp 750w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 992px) 100vw, 992px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">El alfabeto Braille fue oficialmente aceptado en 1854 y desde 1878 es el sistema universalista de ense\u00f1anza para no videntes.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right\"><strong><em>Infobae.-<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>La fecha tiene por objetivo revalorar el sistema de lectoescritura de las personas con discapacidad visual y crear conciencia sobre su importancia como medio de comunicaci\u00f3n<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":28993,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jnews-multi-image_gallery":[],"jnews_single_post":{"subtitle":"","format":"standard","video":"","gallery":"","source_name":"","source_url":"","via_name":"","via_url":"","override_template":"0","override":[{"template":"4","single_blog_custom":"","parallax":"1","fullscreen":"1","layout":"right-sidebar","sidebar":"default-sidebar","second_sidebar":"default-sidebar","sticky_sidebar":"1","share_position":"top","share_float_style":"share-monocrhome","show_share_counter":"1","show_view_counter":"1","show_featured":"1","show_post_meta":"1","show_post_author":"1","show_post_author_image":"1","show_post_date":"1","post_date_format":"default","post_date_format_custom":"Y\/m\/d","show_post_category":"1","show_post_reading_time":"1","post_reading_time_wpm":"300","show_zoom_button":"1","zoom_button_out_step":"2","zoom_button_in_step":"3","show_post_tag":"1","show_prev_next_post":"1","show_popup_post":"1","number_popup_post":"1","show_author_box":"1","show_post_related":"1","show_inline_post_related":"0"}],"override_image_size":"0","image_override":[{"single_post_thumbnail_size":"crop-500","single_post_gallery_size":"crop-500"}],"trending_post":"0","trending_post_position":"meta","trending_post_label":"Trending","sponsored_post":"0","sponsored_post_label":"Sponsored 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